Explore World-Class Medical Treatments

Spinal fusion is a surgery in which two or more vertebrae are joined to form one bone. The spine is made of small bones called vertebrae, connected to each other. When these two bones are joined, the space left is filled with extra bone. This permanent change in the spine can help in cases of degenerative disk disease, scoliosis, spinal stenosis, etc.

Discectomy is a minimally invasive procedure carried out to remove the damaged portion of a herniated disk of the spine. A herniated disk compresses the adjacent nerves, causing pain and discomfort that radiates to the arms and legs.

Physical therapy can also be beneficial for backache and neck pain. However, discectomy is indicated if the pain is not relieved with physical therapy and other conservative treatment modalities fail.

A surgical procedure with which the bone is reshaped to allow for re-alignment is called an osteotomy. This procedure helps repair a damaged joint. It can also help shorten or lengthen a deformed bone that fails to align with the joint as it should. This procedure requires meticulous planning during the recovery period. The procedure is carried out under general anaesthesia. The purpose of osteotomy differs based on the location of the affected joint

Osteotomy can be done in both young individuals and older citizens. This procedure can help postpone a hip or knee surgery for many years. In addition, it helps relieve pain and restores the function of the affected joint.

Types

Osteotomy can fix problems in many different bones and joints. For instance:

Hip: During surgery, a doctor will reshape the hip socket to cover the hip joint's ball better

Knee: A kneecap that is not aligned well, causing pain and can worsen with arthritis. During a knee osteotomy, either the tibia (upper shinbone) or femur (lower thigh bone) is cut and reshaped. This lowers the pressure on the injured side of the knee joint

Spine: A wedge-shaped piece of bone taken from a section of the spine can be cut and removed to reduce a hunchback or correct a swayback

Jaw: When the bones of the face don't align with the bite of the teeth, osteotomy of the lower jaw (mandible) can help move the jaw to a new position and change a person's aesthetic appeal. It can also be done when placing dental implants in order to alter the bone surface to accommodate the implant

Big toe: A segment of the bone can be removed from the big toe to straighten it and prevent jamming into the other toes

Chin: Plastic surgeons sometimes use osteotomy to narrow a broad or square chin for a better esthetic look

An AV Fistula (Arteriovenous Fistula) is a surgical procedure used to create a direct connection between an artery and vein in the arm to be used as long-term access for hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Transarterial Chemoembolisation (TACE) is a procedure that uses chemotherapy and special embolic agents to cut off the blood supply to the cancerous tumour. The procedure is done to treat primary hepatic cancer. Embolisation is a treatment that blocks or slows down the blood going to the organ. The agent used to stop the blood flow also carries chemotherapy drugs, known as chemoembolisation.

The procedure is done when the liver cancer cannot be treated with other options. Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) may be used as a standalone treatment or combined with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, ablation, or surgery. TACE is a palliative treatment, which means that it will not cure cancer. However, it is primarily used to control tumour growth or try to shrink it. TACE procedure has more benefits compared to traditional chemotherapy. The TACE procedure has its fair share of risks and side effects, though it is usually less than conventional chemotherapy.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a form of minimally invasive surgical procedure performed by the surgeon to diagnose as well as treat several conditions of the chest. This procedure is performed with the help of an instrument called a thoracoscope, a thin and narrow tube with a camera placed at the end. It is usually performed in patients to manage lung, mediastinal, diaphragmatic and pleural pathology. Since this is a minimally invasive surgery, it involves very tiny incisions, no rib spreading, and no cutting of muscles compared to the traditional open surgical approach. This surgery has led to a revolution in the treatment and management of various chest diseases. This form of surgery is very safe for the elderly and frail patients.

Arthroscopic debridement is a surgical procedure that uses a small camera and specialised instruments to remove damaged tissue from a joint. The procedure is typically performed on the knee but can also be done on the shoulder, elbow, ankle, or hip. A minimally invasive procedure, arthroscopic debridement can be performed on an outpatient basis under general or regional anaesthesia. The procedure uses a tiny camera called an arthroscope; it is inserted into the joint through a small incision. The camera projects images of the joint inside on a monitor, allowing the surgeon to see and remove the damaged tissue.

High Tibial Osteotomy is a surgical procedure to correct a knee condition called varus or valgus alignment, which occurs when the knee joint is not aligned correctly. Varus alignment occurs when the knee joint is angled inward, and valgus alignment occurs when the knee joint is angled outward. These misalignments can lead to arthritis, pain, and instability in the knee. The surgery involves cutting and repositioning the tibia (shin bone) to correct the alignment of the knee joint.

The tibia is cut above the ankle and moved to align the knee joint properly. It is then held with screws, plates or nails. This procedure can be done on one or both knees. The surgery is usually considered when the symptoms affect the patient's quality of life and ability to perform daily activities.